CD9 and Hydrocephalus: These findingssuggest that TNC+/CD9+ EVs may serve as an optimalbiomarker for discrimination between glioblastoma and healthy individuals.Furthermore, we observed a 3.3-fold increase in the levels of TNC+/CD9+ EVs in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samplesof glioblastoma patients (newly diagnosed and recurrent cases wereanalyzed together), in comparison to controls (subjects with normalpressure hydrocephalus) (p < 0.05) (Figure 4E).