Further evidence of an important role for infiltrating neutrophils in inflammatory bone damage includes the early increased expression of neutrophil-attracting chemokines, such as CXCL2, at osteolytic sites in patients with implant-associated osteomyelitis [56], and our prior demonstration that levels of CCL2, CCL3, CCL7, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3, and CXCL5, are elevated in our murine osteomyelitis model [13, 56], a finding that has been confirmed in the present study. This evidence concerns the gene CXCL1 and osteomyelitis.