The results (Supplemental Fig. S6) showed that the anti-tumor effects of 5a-HSA were significantly inhibited by the anti-CD8 antibody, but not by an irrelevant antibody used as a negative control, lending support to the hypothesis that inhibition of TGFβ signaling in tumors can unleash an anti-tumor immune response, possibly by reprogramming the tumor immune microenvironment. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is neoplasm.