Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a severe complication arising from inflammation and fibrosis in the context of NAFLD, exhibits higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-8, IL-13, CCL3, CCL4, and CCL5 compared to patients with NASH, accompanied by an increase in activated monocytes in the bloodstream.950,951 Single-cell sequencing reveals that in HCC driven by liver fibrosis, TAMs predominantly express genes such as TREM2, GPNMB, SLC40A1, APOE, C1QA, and C1QB. This evidence concerns the gene CXCL8 and hepatocellular carcinoma.