After deletion of CSF-1R, the number of macrophages is significantly reduced, which has been studied in the clinic based on preclinical data showing a delay in tumor outgrowth in different tumor models.997–999 CSF-1R is primarily targeted for inhibition in therapeutic settings because CSF-1R signaling promotes the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of TAMs. Here, CSF1R is linked to neoplasm.