NASH, on the other hand, not only involves lipid accumulation but also significant steatosis accompanied by inflammation and some degree of fibrosis, which can progress to cirrhosis—a critical precursor to hepatocellular carcinoma.920–922 KCs, lipid-associated macrophages (LAMs), and MDMs are recognized as key players in the core pathophysiological development of NAFLD.923 Traditionally, it has been challenging to distinguish KCs from other liver macrophages, as they share many common macrophage surface markers. Here, TBCE is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.