SLC5A2 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Similarly, in EMPA-KIDNEY, 46% of participants had diabetes, and 79% had an eGFR below 45 mL/min, indicating that most patients in these trials had conditions such as diabetes, obesity or advanced CKD—settings where SGLT2 inhibitors are already known to be effective [3, 18].