Similarly, a total of 24 upregulated pathways were identified in the non-immune-enriched group, primarily associated with cell cycle and cancer response signal functions, including G2M checkpoint, cell cycle, MAPK signaling, PI3K-AKT-MTOR signaling, etc. To further validate the biological characterization of these two subtypes, we applied the GSVA algorithm into calculate the biological function of each subtype, which was functionally consistent with the subtypes described above (Fig. 3B). Here, MTOR is linked to cancer.