VEGFA and age-related macular degeneration: The application of Rac1 inhibitor or neutralizing antibodies against TGF-β1 or IL-10 also reduced the levels of the pro-angiogenic factors (VEGFA and Ang2) in ocular venous blood samples of AMD mice (Figure 6B, P<0.05, P<0.01, P<0.001, and P<0.0001).