BRCA1 and neoplasm: While from a medical point of view, testing of available tumor samples for BRCA1/2 and other HRR deficiency-associated genes is free from risk to the patient (barring the rare event of an error during sequencing, which may lead to suboptimal systemic treatment), from a pharmaco-economical point of view, universal testing in the absence of clinical risk factors is harder to justify if the baseline prevalence is low. Policy recommendations should consider both the benefits of testing and the cost of sequencing a large number of patients.