CASP1 and COVID-19: The goal of our study was to identify PCD markers [caspase-3 for apoptosis, caspase-1 for pyroptosis, mixed-linked lineage kinase-like domain (MLKL) for necroptosis, and LC3B and p62/SQSTM1 for autophagy], cytokines [interleukin-1-beta (IL-1-beta) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)], and major histocompatibility molecules (MHCs: MHC I-A, MHC II-DRB1), in samples derived from patients with COVID-19 with or without sepsis, sepsis alone, and normal healthy subjects that served as controls.