HSF1 and cancer: Furthermore, HSF1, the transcription factor that orchestrates the heat shock response by regulating HSP expression, exhibited significantly reduced activation in cells treated with the combination of 6-SHO and hyperthermia, further compromising the cancer cells’ defensive mechanisms against therapeutic stress (Chin et al., 2023; Cyran and Zhitkovich, 2022; Tabuchi and Kondo, 2013).