POU5F1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: To explore whether FoxM1 is involved in FVTF-inhibiting HCC cell stemness, we established MHCC97H cell line with FoxM1 overexpression (Fig. S4), and observed that FoxM1 overexpression was able to antagonize the effect of FVTF on formation ability of tumorsphere and soft agar colony, the percentage of CD133 positive cells, and the levels of CD44 protein and BMI1, OCT4 and SOX2 mRNA in the MHCC97H cells (Fig. 4I-L), indicating that FVTF inhibits HCC cell stemness by reducing FoxM1 expression.