INS and retinal disorder: In addition, it was significantly associated with GSM (regression coefficient, β = −0.1392; 95% CI: −0.2323 to −0.0460, p = 0.003) after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors, such as age, sex, BMI, duration of diabetes, smoking status, alcohol consumption, insulin therapy, use of ACE inhibitors and/or ARBs, statins, antiplatelet medications, presence of retinopathy, systolic blood pressure, eGFR, HbA1c, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, log‐transformed triglyceride, and uric acid levels, and log‐transformed urine albumin‐creatinine ratio (Model 2, Table 2).