STAT3 and lung carcinoma: PCR-based validation and prioritization of those genes with no known role in lung cancer led to a subset that included genes such as the E3 ubiquitin ligase Rnf157, which promotes neuronal growth through the inhibition of apoptosis (Matz et al., 2015), Synaptotagmin 11 (Syt11), a critical mediator of neuronal vesicular trafficking (Shimojo et al., 2019), prostoglandin D2 synthase (Ptgds) known to be involved in reproductive organ development (Malki et al., 2005), and ADP ribosylation like binding protein (Arl2bp), a known regulator of STAT3 signaling (Muromoto et al., 2008).