The findings of our study indicated that, compared to the NC group, serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, NF-κB, IL-17A and IL-22 of the MD group were prominently raised, while the expressions of IL-10 and TGF-β1 were significantly reduced (Figures 3A–H, P < 0.05). Here, TGFB1 is linked to Menkes disease.