PDK4 and neoplasm: Senescence leads to oxidative stress in tumor cells,116 and this oxidative stress environment contributes to the shift of tumor cells toward aerobic glycolysis,117, 118 which promotes tumor development; in addition, in the intricate landscape of cellular biology, senescent cells—the aging or deteriorated cells that have ceased to divide—displayed a notable rise in aerobic glycolysis and the production of lactate that is contingent upon the activity of PDK4.119, 120