Consequently, this leads to an elevated level of HIF‐1 expression within the tumor cells,57 which results in high levels of HIF‐1 expression, which in turn increases the manifestation of glycolytic enzymes such as hexokinase 2 (HK‐2), M2‐type pyruvate kinase (PKM2), and lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), along with the regulatory enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isozyme 1 (PDK1).58, 59. Here, PDK1 is linked to neoplasm.