Recently, reference intervals for plasma NfL, Aβ42, Aβ40, T-tau and P-tau181 measured with ultrasensitive Simoa in a Chinese healthy population were established in our laboratory.20,21 The aim of the present study was to compare the profiles of plasma biomarkers (Aβ42, Aβ40, T-tau, P-tau181, NfL and GFAP) in a Chinese population including cognitively unimpaired (CU) individuals and patients with Alzheimer’s disease, subcortical ischaemic vascular dementia (SIVD) and FTLD, whose diagnoses were supported by amyloid PET or multimodal MRI scan. Here, NEFL is linked to Alzheimer disease.