GFAP and Alzheimer disease: Recently, reference intervals for plasma NfL, Aβ42, Aβ40, T-tau and P-tau181 measured with ultrasensitive Simoa in a Chinese healthy population were established in our laboratory.20,21 The aim of the present study was to compare the profiles of plasma biomarkers (Aβ42, Aβ40, T-tau, P-tau181, NfL and GFAP) in a Chinese population including cognitively unimpaired (CU) individuals and patients with Alzheimer’s disease, subcortical ischaemic vascular dementia (SIVD) and FTLD, whose diagnoses were supported by amyloid PET or multimodal MRI scan.