In addition, compared with XRZYBXD high dose group, the mRNA and protein expression of NLRP3, caspase 1, GSDMD, IL-18 and IL-1β were markedly decreased in ABX + XRZYBXD high dose group, which suggested that the pro-pyroptosis effect of XRZYBXD in hepatoma cells was attenuated by the depletion of intestinal flora (Figures 6D–N and Supplementary Figures 2I–K). Here, CASP1 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.