Subsequently, the dendritic cell initiates behavior [associated with the myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88)-dependent and the MyD88-independent TLR4 pathways] such as (i) phenotypic maturation, (ii) enhanced secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, (iii) communication with T-cells, and (iv) adhesion and migration, which contributes to the collective development and progression of atherosclerosis (21). Here, MYD88 is linked to atherosclerosis.