MAPT and Alzheimer disease: Endogenous neuroprotection and repair within the body rely on the health of the mtDNA, whose turbulence inevitably leads to various AD pathological changes, including the abnormal aggregation of pathological amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques [119, 120] and hyperphosphorylated tau protein [121], impaired synaptic transmission and plasticity [122], cholinergic dysfunction [123], and neuroinflammation [124].