The immunoblotting results verified the activating effect on INSR and the inhibitory effect on PI3K p85 (p < 0.001), but there was no significant difference in p-AKT/AKT ratio between groups (p > 0.05), indicating that NP-NAR alleviated HFD-induced insulin resistance primarily by elevating INSR levels. The gene discussed is INSR; the disease is Insulin resistance.