When we compared the associations using plasma pQTLs and plasma eQTLs (Supplementary Fig. 6), we found inconsistencies in the direction of effect in six associations using the Olink platform (CEACAM19 and TREML2 with AD; TPP1 with ALS; and CD58, IL2RA and PTPRC with MS) and two associations using the SomaScan platform (PILRA with AD; and IL2RA with MS). Here, PTPRC is linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.