Additionally, following adjustments for gender, age, race, education level, marital status, smoking habits, alcohol consumption habits, albumin, hypertension, white blood cells, platelets, PIR, BMI, ALT, AST, Serum folic acid, Serum Iron, Energy and eGFR, the smoothed curve fitting analysis reveals a notable positive correlation between DII and anemia (Figure 2). Here, ALB is linked to anemia.