In a study conducted by Watanabe et al. in 30 patients without diabetes but with hypertension who were administered valsartan for a duration of 3 months [12], the authors found a significant reduction in serum cystatin C levels, suggesting that the treatment with valsartan could potentially decrease renal vascular resistance in hypertensive patients and potentially prevent future kidney failure. The gene discussed is CST3; the disease is Hypertension.