NPPA and hydrops fetalis: 1. HF patients had higher ImP levels than those with CVD (P < 0.01) or non-CVD/HF (P < 0.001).2. The highest ImP quartile increased HF risk (adjusted OR = 3.02, P < 0.05).3. Elevated ImP levels were associated with reduced LVEF (adjusted P < 0.001).4. ProANP and NT-proBNP levels rose with higher ImP quartiles (P < 0.001).