After applying a Bonferroni correction as in our primary PGS-protein association analysis (p-value < 4.3 × 10−6 across 4 MR methods), our reverse MR analysis suggested that circulating levels of 38 proteins were influenced by T2D, including GDF15 (Supplementary Data 13), and several other proteins strongly associated with the PGST2D_gw (e.g., APOF, PON3, PRCP). The gene discussed is GDF15; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.