NLRP3 and acute respiratory distress syndrome: The study shows that TNF-α-stimulated exosomes(TNF-Exo) derived from PMN is able to transfer the miR-30d-5p of miRNA family into macrophages and then activate the NF-κB signaling to up-regulate the expression of NLRP3 inflammation, which triggers pyroptosis in macrophages and therefore promotes sepsis-associated ALI (94).