Interestingly, in Lewis lung cancer mouse models treated with anti-PD-1 therapy, A. muciniphila activates the MHC-II–pDC pathway, reduces the expression of CXCL3 in cancer-associated fibroblasts, stimulates CD8+ T-cell activation, and enhances their functionality compared to pasteurized A. muciniphila and Amuc_1100 (80). The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is cancer.