AKT1 and migraine disorder: Furthermore, Liu et al. (2017) reported that in a rat model of migraine established by intraperitoneal injection of nitroglycerin (NTG), the expression of the PI3K gene significantly increased within 6–24 h post-administration, and the expression of p-Akt (S473) in the migraine model group was markedly higher than that in the control group.