DPP4 and atherosclerosis: Literature indicates that various LDL-lowering drugs, such as statins, ezetimibe, fibrates, doxazocin, orlistat, niacin, and a healthy lifestyle and dietary agents, especially phytosterols and omega-3 fatty acids, and Glucose-Lowering Drugs, such as Metformin, Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1RAs), Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, Glitazones, can significantly decrease sdLDL levels and consequently lower the risk of atherosclerosis.2