An example of such a trial is the phase II c-TRAK-TN study in patients with resectable triple-negative breast cancer (NCT03145961), MERMAID-1 (NCT04385368) study in MRD-positive patients with completely resected stage II–III NSCLC without EGFR mutations or ALK rearrangements, MERMAID-2 (NCT04642469) study in patients with stage II– III resected NSCLC without EGFR mutations or ALK rearrangements that will be regularly monitored for the presence of MRD via the analysis of ctDNA levels in plasma samples. Here, ALK is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.