The knowledge obtained helps us better understand the mechanistic link between diet, microbiota and IHC/OSA-induced atherosclerosis and provides a basis for future therapeutic approaches to prevent and treat OSA-induced atherosclerosis, such as prebiotics, probiotics or synbiotics to correct gut dysbiosis or FXR/TGR5 agonists or antagonist to modify BA signaling, combined with diet modification. Here, NR1H4 is linked to atherosclerosis.