GIPR and Alzheimer disease: Other GIPR:GLP-1R co-agonists evaluated for their effects in animal models of AD or PD include DA1-JC, a C16 fatty acid acetylated co-agonist [177], DA3-CH, the non-acylated version of DA1-JC, as well as DA4-JC and DA5-CH, which are further optimized for enhanced BBB permeability [946,1091,1092].