COL1A1 and colorectal carcinoma: To elaborate on the first hypothesis, the downstream analysis of the pipeline employed criteria such as significant gene expression, promoter methylation, and mRNA expression levels across CRC stages, narrowing 27 hub genes to 8 key biomarkers (CTNNB1, GSK3B, IL-1β, MYC, PXDN, TP53, COL1A1, TGFβ1).