AKT1 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: Scientists have summarized and analyzed a series of data on mutations and copy number changes of genes related to the pathogenesis of ESCC, which led to the clarification of some key signaling pathways, such as Wnt, cell cycle, Notch, RTK‐Ras, and AKT [15], which may greatly improve the therapeutic strategies for ESCC.