Glucagon-like-peptide-1 analogues such as Liraglutide and Semaglutide have shown promising results in reducing HbA1c, losing weight and preventing premature apoptosis of the β-cell.59 60 Likewise, SGLT-2 inhibitors are effective in preventing the progression of CKD and heart failure and are licensed in the UK for use in people without T2DM for CKD and heart failure.61, 64 However, they are not tried in obese smokers to quit and remain abstinent. This evidence concerns the gene SLC5A2 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.