CD274 and lung carcinoma: However, circulating tumor cells (CTCs), detaching from the primary tumor tissue and entering bloodstream, are vital for the development and progression of lung cancer, based on this, Huang et al. constructed a PD-L1-MFP NS nanosystem, which is based on MoSe2 as a core and Fe3O4 as a functional magnetic material encapsulated with PDA coating in combination of anti-PD-L1 (Huang H et al., 2024).