While we included both rosiglitazone and pioglitazone in this review, rosiglitazone is banned in the UK due to its effect on raising the risk of heart disease.92 Although suspended in Europe, rosiglitazone is allowed in the US under tight restrictions.93 In addition to glycemic control, glitazones may exert neuroprotective effects by reducing levels of amyloid-β, inhibiting tau hyperphosphorylation and synaptic plasticity and restoring cerebral vascular function, reducing inflammation response by microglia and astrocytes.94,95. This evidence concerns the gene MAPT and heart disorder.