GLP1R and diabetes mellitus: Of the four studies (N = 338,557) that included GLP-1 RA as a treatment, two were case-control studies, one was an RCT, and one included both a case-control study and pooled three double-blind RCTs.30,33,36,50 Norgaard et al. pooled findings from three RCTs, and found that GLP-RA significantly reduced the rate of dementia compared with second line diabetes treatments (RR = 0.47[0.25, 0.86]).33 For these trials, the first-line medication, which was metformin, was not included as a comparator.