However, while viral loads at 6 dpi were similar between Il-1β–/– and Il-1r–/– animals (Fig. S5E), the reduction in cytokines was preserved, continuing for 6 days post-infection with SARS-CoV-2 P21, and was more profound at later time points in IL-1β deficient mice compared to Il-1r–/– and WT animals (Fig. 5H, S5F). Here, IL1R1 is linked to infection.