Compared to BMI-matched controls, PCOS patients (even those who may have normal weights based on BMI) typically have increased intra-abdominal fat mass and whole-body fat-to-lean ratio, which is positively correlated with whole-body insulin resistance, fasting insulin levels and circulating androgens (Ezeh et al. 2014, Dumesic et al. 2016). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is polycystic ovary syndrome.