APP and Alzheimer disease: The TgF344-AD rat expresses human APP with the Swedish mutation and human presenilin 1 with the ΔE9 mutation on the Fischer 344 rat background and displays all major hallmarks of AD pathology, i.e., progressive amyloid deposition, tauopathy, cognitive dysfunction, neurodegeneration, and neuroinflammation with gliosis (Cohen et al., 2013; Pentkowski et al., 2018; Fowler et al., 2022; Bac et al., 2023), and most likely, these hallmarks develop sequentially over time (Chaney et al., 2021; Fowler et al., 2022; van den Berg et al., 2023; Fang et al., 2023).