A cross-sectional study of periodontitis revealed the role of TREM1 and PGLYRP1, with a clear overlap observed in factors affecting the expression of both genes, such as bleeding during exploration and the number of significant dental caries [60], yet the relationship between TREM1 and PGLYRP1 along with their associated signaling pathway remains unexplored. This evidence concerns the gene TREM1 and dental caries.