INS and Autoimmunity: It is unclear what drives this functional recovery but, as our data also reveal that the M-C structure is retained in these individuals, it is tempting to hypothesise that those islets that retain an M-C architecture and survive the immunological onslaught offer the potential that endogenous insulin secretion might also be recovered in vivo, if the M-C structure is maintained, and the diabetogenic environment and associated autoimmunity is controlled effectively.