Intervention group (n = 34): age, mean = 59, 79, n = 20 men and n = 14 women, types of cancers: urological (n = 13), gastrointestinal (n = 9), hepatobiliary (n = 5), head and neck (n = 1), bronchial (n = 1), gynecological (n = 3), squamous cell (n = 2), treatment: PD‐1/PD‐L1 monotherapy (n = 11), PD‐1/CTLA‐4 combination therapy (n = 6), PD‐1/PD‐L1 + tyrosin kinase inhibitor (n = 10), PD‐1/PD‐L1 + chemotherapy (n = 7). Here, PDCD1 is linked to cancer.