(4) Application as vaccine adjuvants (Tian et al., 2024): STING agonists can be applied in the development of cancer vaccines, including those for melanoma, breast cancer, lung cancer, and colorectal cancer, by activating the STING pathway to promote tumor antigen recognition and presentation, thus enhancing T cell-specific immune responses against cancer cells. Here, STING1 is linked to lung carcinoma.