Notably, blocking T cell‐derived TGF‐β1 is sufficient to control PCa progression.[109] Furthermore, TGF‐β receptor II (TGF‐βRII) reduces the efficacy of CAR T‐cell therapy in PCa, whereas TGF‐βRII depletion in CAR T‐cells significantly enhances their antitumor function in vivo.[110] BC cells facilitated CAM M2 polarization by activating the HIF1α/TGF‐β pathway.[111] M2 CAMs increase PD‐L1 expression in BC cells through the TGF‐β/Smad2/3/METTL3 pathway, contributing to an immune‐evading TME. Here, SMAD2 is linked to posterior cortical atrophy.