ADIPOQ and metabolic syndrome: Although the exact mechanism of the increased frequency of AKI in patients with increased BMI is unknown, altered renal hemodynamics, increased leptin production, decreased adiponectin production, high HDL levels, impaired autophagy system, impaired renal perfusion due to increased intra-abdominal pressure, other comorbidities, metabolic syndrome, and difficulty in intravascular volume assessment have been blamed [12].