Significant increases in the total number of astrocytes and in the number of astrocytes expressing the α7 nAChR subunit, along with significant decreases in the levels of α7 and α4 nAChR subunits on neurons, were observed in the hippocampus and temporal cortex of both APPswe (Swedish amyloid precursor protein) and sporadic AD brains [79]. This evidence concerns the gene IGKV2D-24 and Alzheimer disease.