Galactosemia induced by galactose load leads to galactitol accumulation in Schwann cells [12] and peripheral nerves [13,14,15,16], which is associated with increased oxidative and osmotic stress [17,18,19], as well as a reduced production and/or bioactivity of neurotrophic factors like brain-derived neurotrophic factor [20], neurotrophin-3 [21], and ciliary neurotrophic factor [14] in peripheral nerves. Here, NTF3 is linked to classic galactosemia.