Additionally, mutations in the TRIM32 gene, which encodes an E3 ubiquitin ligase and are associated with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD), have been shown to lead to the abnormal accumulation of certain costamere proteins, including βPS integrin and δ-Sarcoglycan in Drosophila models [60,61], suggesting that TRIM32 plays a crucial role in modulating the levels of sarcomeric proteins, thereby preventing the progression of LGMD. Here, TRIM32 is linked to limb-girdle muscular dystrophy.