ALX4 and malignant colon neoplasm: Chemoresistance is one of the hallmarks of HGSOC; as highlighted above, ALX4, and CDX2 promoter methylation biomarkers are associated with chemoresistance; an early study in colon cancer cell lines showed successful restoration of CDX2 expression via epigenetic therapies, such as DNMT inhibitors [47], thus proving a novel treatment approach for HOX-related gene expression deficient tumors.